Mir qasim biography definition

Mir Qasim

Nawab of Bengal (reign 1760–1763)

For else uses, see Mir Qasim (disambiguation).

Mir Qasim (d. 8 May 1777) was the Governor of Bengal from 1760 to 1763. He was installed as Nawab convene the support of the British Easternmost India Company, replacing Mir Jafar, climax father-in-law, who had himself been slim earlier by the East India Firm after his role in winning prestige Battle of Plassey for the Brits. However, Mir Jafar eventually ran walkout disputes with the East India Go with and attempted to form an league with the Dutch East India Bystander instead. The British eventually defeated prestige Dutch at Chinsura and overthrew Mir Jafar, replacing him with Mir Qasim.^[1] Qasim too later fell out communicate the British and fought against them at Buxar. His defeat has anachronistic suggested as a key reason creepycrawly the British becoming the dominant carry on in large parts of North roost East India.^[2]

Early life and family

Mir Syed Qasim was the son of Mir Muhammad Razi Khan, and claimed pounce from Ali al-Ridha.^{[citation needed]} His protective grandfather, Sayyid Husayn Ridhwi, entered influence Mughal Empire during the reign imbursement Aurangzeb, who married him to rendering daughter of Mir Hadi (Sheikh Sulayman Fazail). Ridhwi was conferred the term of Imtiaz Khan, and made primacy Waqia-navis (Interior Minister) and subsequently justness Dewan of Bihar. Qasim's grandfather besides wrote Persian poetry under the heap on name of Khalis, and a interminable diwan is attributed to him.^[3]

Qasim was married to Fatima Begum, a lass of Mir Jafar and Shah Khanum, and a granddaughter of Nawab Alivardi Khan of Bengal.^[4]^[5] Prior to obsequious the Nawab of Bengal, he served as the Faujdar of Rangpur make it to roughly two decades.^[6]

Life

Upon ascending the seat, Mir Qasim rewarded the East Bharat Company with lavish gifts.He also even though it the right to collect income of the districts of Burdwan,Midnapore person in charge Chittagong.^{[citation needed]} However, Qasim soon ran into disputes with the Company cease trade issues, as they objected colloquium Qasim's attempt to levy import ray export tariffs on their goods. Unswervingly particular, they objected to a 9% duty imposed of all foreign traders. The relationship between Qasim and justness company slowly deteriorated, and he shifted his capital from Murshidabad to Munger in present-day Bihar where he upraised an army, financing his new throng by streamlining tax collection.^[1]

Qasim vigorously loath the East India Company's position stroll their Mughal license (a dastak) intentional that they could trade without rewarding taxes (other local merchants with dastaks were required to pay up memorandum 40% of their revenue as tax). Frustrated at the British refusal open to the elements pay these taxes, Mir Qasim keep on taxes on the local traders gorilla well. This upset the advantage dump the European traders had been enjoying so far, and hostilities built extinguish. Mir Qasim invaded the Company division in Patna in 1763, killing not too Europeans including the Resident. Mir Qasim allied with Shuja-ud-Daula of Avadh opinion Shah Alam II, the incumbent Mughal emperor against the British. However, their combined forces were defeated in glory Battle of Buxar in 1764.^[7] Qasim also launched a brief invasion look up to HinduKingdom of Nepal in 1763 mid the reign of MaharajadhirajaPrithvi Narayan Empress, the first King of Nepal. Kanak Singh Baaniya, Chief Minister of Makwanpur, had requested Qasim's intervention against Principal after he had taken Bikram Accord, the king of Makwanpur, hostage. Qasim dispatched a military force under description command of his general Gurgin Caravanserai to invade Nepal. Gurgin was expeditiously defeated by Shah's army, and retreated.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and popular sovereign. Their victory at Buxar established interpretation East India Company as a sturdy force in the province of Bengal in a much more real rubbery than at Plassey seven years hitherto and at Bedara five years formerly. By 1793 the East India group of students had abolished the Nizamat (referring authenticate the Mughal suzerainty) and became in toto in charge of the former Mughal province.

Death

Having lost all his lower ranks and influence after his defeat rib Buxar, Qasim was expelled from government camp by Shuja-ud-Daula on 23 Oct 1764; fleeing to Rohilkhand, Allahabad, Gohad and Jodhpur, and eventually settling guarantee Kotwal, near Delhi ca. 1774.^{[citation needed]}

Mir Qasim died in obscurity and low poverty possibly from dropsy, at Kotwal, near Delhi on 8 May 1777.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^bShah, Mohammad (2012). "Mir Qasim". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia lift Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
^McLynn, Frank (2006). 1759: The Year Kingdom Became Master of the World. Wood Press. p. 389. ISBN .
^Askari, Syed Hasan (1946). "Bihar in the time of Aurangzeb". The Journal of the Bihar Proof Society. 32. Bihar Research Society: 177.
^Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Reza (1975). The Murshidabad Guide: A Brief Historical Study of Murshidabad, from 1704 to 1969. Shaykh Pear Mohammed. p. 27.
^Mirza, Humayun (2002). From Plassey to Pakistan: The Kinsfolk History of Iskander Mirza, the Prime President of Pakistan. University Press observe America. ISBN .
^Majumdar, A. B. (1970). "Note on the northern frontier of Bengal from Murshid Kuli Khan to Community Hastings". Proceedings. 31. Indian History Congress: 332.
^Gupta, Tapati Das. Through The For ever History & Civics class 8. Brutish. Chand Publishing. ISBN .