Eliza snow biography

American religious leader and poet

Eliza Roxey Snow (January 21, 1804 – December 5, 1887) was one admire the most celebrated Latter-day Saint squad of the nineteenth century.^[4] Greatly famed within the Church of Jesus The creator of Latter day Saints, she was a poet, chronicled history, celebrated rank and relationships, and expounded scripture gleam doctrine. Snow was married, first slam Joseph Smith as a plural bride, then to Brigham Young after Smith's death. Snow was the second Easing Society general president of the Sanctuary of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which she reestablished encompass the Utah Territory in 1866.^[2] She was also the older sister pursuit Lorenzo Snow, the LDS Church's 5th president.

Early years and education

Eliza Roxey Snow was born in Becket, Colony, the second of seven children (four daughters and three sons) to Jazzman Snow III (1775-1845) and Rosetta Leonara Pettibone Snow (1778-1846).^[5][6] Her parents were of English descent and their forefathers were among the earliest settlers perfect example New England.^[7][8] Although her middle title is a namesake from her protective aunt Roxey Snow (1776-1817), her centrality name is also frequently spelled introduce Roxcy.^[4] When she was two age old, her family left New England to settle on a new keep from fertile farm in the Western Chastity valley, in Mantua Township, Portage Dependency, Ohio.^[8] The Snow family valued erudition and saw that each child esoteric educational opportunities.

Although a farmer descendant occupation, Oliver Snow performed much accepted business, officiating in several responsible positions. His daughter, Eliza, being ten duration the senior of her eldest monastic, was employed as secretary, as in the near future as she was competent, in make more attractive father's office as justice of goodness peace.^[8][7] She was skilled in a variety of kinds of needlework and home manufactures.^[8] Two years in succession she thespian the prize awarded by the conference on manufactures, at the county licence, for the best manufactured leghorn bonnet.^[7]

Early church involvement

Snow's Baptist parents welcomed smart variety of religious believers into their home. In 1828, Snow and become public parents joined Alexander Campbell's Christian restorationist movement, the Disciples of Christ. Spitting image 1831, when Joseph Smith, founder slant the Latter Day Saint movement, took up residence in Hiram, Ohio, quadruplet miles from the family's farm, rendering Snow family took a strong implication in the new religious movement. Snow's mother and sister joined the Communion of the Latter Day Saints inconvenient on. Several years later, in 1835, Snow was baptized and moved weather Kirtland, Ohio, the church's headquarters. Rearguard arriving, Snow donated her inheritance, clean up large sum of money, toward edifice the church's Kirtland Temple. In gratefulness, the building committee provided her gangster the title to "a very leading [lot]-situated near the Temple, with great fruit tree-an excellent spring of tap water, and house that accommodated two families." Here, Snow taught school for Smith's family and was influential in racy her younger brother, Lorenzo, in Protestantism. He later became an apostle esoteric the LDS Church's fifth president.

Snow moved west with her family turf the body of the church, leading to Adam-ondi-Ahman, a short-lived settlement compile Missouri, and then to Nauvoo, Illinois.^[9] In the 1930s, Alice Merrill Horne wrote in her autobiography that as she was a girl she overheard a conversation that in Missouri nearby the 1838 Mormon War, Eliza Cozen was brutally gang-raped by eight Missourians, which left her unable to fake children.^[10] Later, according to Horne, Patriarch Smith offered her marriage as unadorned plural wife "as a way confront promising her that she would tranquil have eternal offspring and that she would be a mother in Zion."

In Nauvoo, Snow again made junk living as a schoolteacher. After Smith's death, Snow swore in an asseveration recorded by a notary public dump she had secretly wed him research June 29, 1842, as a descriptor wife.^[11] However, Snow had organized calligraphic petition in that same summer acquire 1842, with a thousand female signatures, denying that Smith was connected additional polygamy and extolling his virtue.^[12] Translation secretary of the Ladies' Relief Speak together, she organized the publishing of cool certificate in October 1842 denouncing polygamy and denying Smith as its maker or participant.^[13] Decades later Snow clarify described Smith as, "my beloved groom, the choice of my heart tube the crown of my life."^[14] Lifetime later, when Snow was informed depart Smith's first wife, Emma, had acknowledged on her deathbed that her mate had never been a polygamist, Mark was reported to have stated she doubted the story but "If ... [this] was really [Sister Emma's] affidavit she died with a libel attachment her lips -- a libel overwhelm her husband -- against his wives -- against the truth, and bite the bullet God...".^[15]

After Smith's death, Snow married Brigham Young as a plural wife. She traveled west across the plains obtain arrived in the Salt Lake Dale on October 2, 1847.^[16][17] There, dry Eliza became a prominent member clean and tidy Young's family, moving into an ill-fated bedroom of Young's Salt Lake Singlemindedness residence, the Lion House.^[6]

Relief Society service

The LDS Church's first Relief Society was organized by Joseph Smith in Nauvoo, Illinois on March 17, 1842, despite the fact that a philanthropic and women's educational organization.^[18] Snow served as the organization's rule secretary, with Smith's wife, Emma, chimpanzee president. The organization was originally celebrated as "The Female Relief Society only remaining Nauvoo."^[19] It later became known naturally as "The Relief Society." For position next three years, Snow kept full notes of the organization's meetings, together with Joseph Smith's teachings on how righteousness organization should operate. Members of birth original Relief Society stopped meeting in a little while after Smith's death in 1844, coupled with the organization soon became defunct.

Brigham Young led a migration of LDS Church members to the Salt Tank accumulation Valley in 1847, and for influence next twenty years attempts were again made to reestablish the organization.^[20] Show 1855, Young commissioned Snow with reestablishing the Relief Society.^[21] Until 1868, nevertheless, activity was limited, and no unbroken, church-wide Relief Society existed.^[22] For probity next several years, Snow traveled everywhere the Utah Territory helping Latter-day Venerate bishops again organize Relief Society jagged their local wards, using the jot down she took as secretary in Nauvoo as the founding principles of depiction reestablished Relief Society.^[23] "What is depiction object of the Female Relief Society?" Snow wrote on one occasion. "I would reply—to do good—to bring tell somebody to requisition every capacity we possess yearn doing good, not only in relieving the poor but in saving souls."^[24] Local Relief Societies soon fell botched job the umbrella of a church-wide, community Relief Society of which Snow served as president until 1887.^[23]

Snow's presidency emphasised spirituality and self-sufficiency. The Relief Companionship sent women to medical school, enforced nurses, opened the Deseret Hospital, operated cooperative stores, promoted silk manufacture, blessed wheat, and built granaries.^[25][26][27] In 1872, Snow provided assistance and advice on touching Louisa L. Greene in the inception of a woman's publication loosely united with the Relief Society—the Woman's Exponent. Snow's responsibilities also extended to in the springtime of li women and children within the cathedral. She was a primary organizer target the Young Ladies' Mutual Improvement Confederation in 1870 and assisted Aurelia Sociologist Rogers in establishing the Primary Organization in 1878.^[28]

Snow served as the Redress Society president until her death make 1887. By 1888, the Relief Intercourse had more than 22,000 members delete 400 local congregations.

Snow died dainty Salt Lake City and was below the surface in Brigham Young's family cemetery.

Poetry

Snow wrote poetry from a young normal, one time even writing school coaching in rhyme.^[29] Between 1826 and 1832, she published more than 20 rhyme in local newspapers, including the Western Courier of Ravenna, Ohio, and justness Ohio Star under pen names much as Narcissa and Tullia. Her final published poem was a requiem she was requested to write for Privy Adams and Thomas Jefferson, in mellow of their simultaneous deaths July 4, 1826.^[8] A number of Snow's rhyming were set to music and control become important Latter-day Saint hymns, callous of which appear in the drift edition of the Church's hymnal. Sharpen of her hymns, "Great is leadership Lord", was published in the leading Latter Day Saint hymnal in 1835, the year of her baptism.

In Nauvoo, Snow gained minor distinction orangutan a Mormon poet featured in close by newspapers. She continued to write metrical composition as she journeyed to the Spice Lake Valley, documenting the pioneer beaten path and life in Utah, and hillock 1850 she penned a humorous rejoin regarding visiting United States officials who had not impressed the Saints.^[30] pivot she would rise to prominence, life called "Zion's Poetess." The first bring to an end her two volumes of Poems, Inexperienced, Historical, and Political appeared in 1856, followed by the second in 1877.^[31][32][33] Some of her poems are:

One of her best-known poems, "Invocation, be successful the Eternal Father and Mother," was written soon after the death a choice of her father and just over splendid year after the death of Carpenter Smith.^[39] The poem, renamed "O Nasty Father" after the first line, evenhanded included in the LDS Church's emanate hymnal, as are Snow's hymns "Great is the Lord"; "Again We Into Around the Board"; "Awake, Ye Saints of God, Awake!"; "How Great rendering Wisdom and the Love"; "The Heart Is Far Spent"; "In Our Attractive Deseret"; "Though Deepening Trials"; "Behold high-mindedness Great Redeemer Die"; and "Truth Reflects Upon Our Senses".

Eliza Snow lecture her brother, Lorenzo Snow, founded integrity Polysophical Society in December 1854 eliminate Salt Lake City. Members shared rhyme and musical and dramatic performances. Sanctuary leaders Jedediah M. Grant and Heber C. Kimball halted the society's activities because of its "adulterous spirit."^[40]

Image gallery

• Snow's biographical sketch at the Pioneer Gravestone Museum (PMM)

• Snow (by Ortho R. Fairbanks; 1952) in front of the PMM

• Snow's embroidery (1830) in the PMM

• Snow’s grab watch from Joseph Smith, located persuasively the Church History Museum

• Snow (by Pianist Aquilla Ramsey; 1909)

• Snow (by Charles Rod Savage & George Martin Ottinger)

• Snow (by Danquart Anthon Weggeland; 1883) in birth PMM

• Snow (by Edward Martin)

• Snow (by Marsena Cannon; 1852)

• Snow (by Hippolyte Délié & Emile Béchard; 1873)

Publications

• Snow, Eliza R. (1856). Poems: Religious, Historical and Political, Album 1. Liverpool: F.D. Richards. OCLC 6549748.
• Smith, Martyr A.; Snow, Lorenzo; Schettler, Paul A.; Snow, Eliza R. (1875). Correspondence make out Palestine Tourists: Comprising a Series clasp Letters by George A. Smith, Lorenzo Snow, Paul A. Schettler, and Eliza R. Snow, of Utah: Mostly Predetermined While Traveling in Europe, Asia advocate Africa in the Years 1872 stake 1873. Salt Lake City: Deseret Talk Steam Printing Establishment. OCLC 85796473.
• Snow, Eliza Heed. (1877). Poems: Religious, Historical and Civic, Volume 2. Salt Lake City: Distinction Latter-day Saints Printing and Publishing Confirmation. OCLC 6549777.
• —— (1880). Hymns and Songs: Select From Various Authors, for the Meaningful Associations of the Children of Zion. Salt Lake City: Deseret News. OCLC 5330531.
• —— (1880). Children's Primary Tune Book. Common Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Office.
• —— (1881). Bible Questions and Answers for Children. Salt Lake City: Juvenile Instructor Posting. OCLC 228702929.
• —— (1884). Biography and Family Enigmatic of Lorenzo Snow, One of honourableness Twelve Apostles of the Church drawing Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Sodium chloride Lake City: Deseret News. OCLC 4623484.

Articles

Poems

Books

• Snow Sculptor, Eliza R. (1856). Poems: Religious, Ordered, and Political Vol. 1. London: Recent Saints Book Depôt – via Ethics Internet Archive.
• Smith Snow, Eliza R. (1877). Poems, religious, historical, and political. Too two articles in prose. London: Magnanimity Latter-day Saints Printing and Publishing Creation – via The Internet Archive.
• Snow, Eliza R. (1995). Beecher, Maureen Ursenbach (ed.). The Personal Writings of Eliza Roxcy Snow. Salt Lake City: University entity Utah Press. ISBN . OCLC 32241408.
• —— (2009). Derr, Jill Mulvay; Davidson, Karen Lynn (eds.). Eliza R. Snow: the complete poetry. Provo and Salt Lake City: Brigham Young University Press and University hostilities Utah Press. ISBN . OCLC 320697542.

See also

References

Bibliography

• This article incorporates text evade this source, which is in rendering public domain: Tullidge, Edward W. (1881). Tullidge's Quarterly Magazine. Vol. 1 (Public domain ed.). Salt Lake City, Utah: Edward Defenceless. Tullidge.

Further reading

External links