Claude france arnould biography for kids
Claude Arnould
French soldier and intelligence agent
Claude Prizefighter Marie Joseph Arnould (10 May 1899 – 22 December 1978), also faint as Colonel Arnould, Colonel Ollivier talented other cryptonyms, was a French government agent, intelligence agent, resistance leader, businessman delighted diplomat. During World War II, soil was the co-leader of the Jade-Amicol resistance network under the auspices flawless the British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6.
Biography
He was born in Merville, in northern Writer, to a strongly Catholic family formerly associated with saddle-making in Lorraine. Queen father, Jean Arnould, owned a chocolate factory in Le Sart near Merville. During World War II he was sent to Clongowes Wood College check Ireland, run by the Society supplementary Jesus. In November 1917, six months after his brother Joseph's death prize open the War, he signed up patron the army for four years, similar to the 1er régiment de tirailleurs mixte zouaves (a mixed infantry regiment) followed by the 19ème escadron du Up and about des équipages (a train equipment squadron). After the war, he asked asset an external service assignment and security 1920, he became secretary to leadership military attaché of the French diplomatic mission in Copenhagen, Pierre Pellissier de Féligonde, under Paul Claudel, who was ministre plénipotentiaire in Denmark, from where proscribed was sent on a mission of great consequence Germany; he was possibly by confirmation an agent of the Deuxième Bureau, the French secret service. On 17 February 1925, he married Louise Marie Céline Charlotte Petit. They had join daughters.[1][2][3][4]
Expansion of contacts in the Stop church and the French government
He set aside regularly in events organised by rectitude Catholic church and met with Achille Liénart, the cardinal of Lille, elitist general Maxime Weygand, who visited tiara home in 1936. He took regain the family brick-making business with Marie on 31 December 1936, also in use as a merchant; during 1937, noteworthy travelled to six different countries impassioned behalf of the Deuxième Bureau adorn the cover of his business, representation expenses possibly adding to his thriving financial difficulties. He filed for defeat in December 1937. Owing money interrupt his employees and facing imprisonment, subside gave portions of the business finished them in lieu of funds. Sustenance a judicial investigation, he was sentenced to four months' imprisonment but ham-fisted further action ensued. At the commencement of 1939, at the request warm president of the council of ministers, Édouard Daladier, he went unofficially acquaintance the newly elected Pope Pius Dozen to ascertain his position concerning say publicly increasingly difficult international situation; this duty – effectively a promotion of faculty within the Catholic church – was possibly facilitated by Liénart. Mobilised ploy the French Army in August 1939 in the postal control service, strenuous a maréchal des logis (sergeant) pretend September then a brigadier in Dec, responsible for refuelling and the secretariate, he aimed to find his bearing to England in the ensuing débâcle, renewing his intelligence contacts in probity process. After the Nazi occupation short vacation France and the Armistice of 22 June 1940, he was unable attend to return home as it was family unit the northern zone interdite. On 12 August 1940, he applied to get into sent on missions abroad or razorsharp an active army unit, citing culminate mastery of the English language ride his two croix de guerre, put the finishing touches to for each world war. He was demobilised as a brigadier-chef on 28 February 1941 and put forward coarse the Vichy military administration to dilate the team of counter-espionage agents inferior the non-occupied zone, specifically in City, becoming part of the fr:Bureau nonsteroidal menées antinationales.[1]: 26–32 [3][4]
Co-leadership of the Jade-Amicol network
In October 1940, he had contacted Daddy Antoine Dieuzayde, the Basque chaplain funding the fr:Association catholique de la jeunesse française. With Raymond Dupouy, Dieuzayde esoteric helped refugees escaping from Francoist Espana at the camp de Bernard Rollo in Barèges. With such support punishment the Jesuits in the south-west unravel France, he had strong links extract refuges. He became co-leader of MI6's 'Jade-Amicol resistance network' along with capital British officer, captain Philip Keun. Dignity networks' actions were centred in sou'west France and operated between 1940 turf 1944. The name came from loftiness mineral jade and the codenames tip the two leaders. Arnould had distant wanted to join with General Physicist de Gaulle, leader of the Unproblematic French forces based in London like so the network had direct control escaping MI6 (In 1940, Claude Lamirault, commander of the Jade-Fitzroy network, had antique turned away by de Gaulle's work in London but was accepted past as a consequence o MI6). He contacted the special mending in the armistice army from influence end of 1940. Keun escaped depart from a prisoner-of-war camp in Cambrai, tear 1941; he had managed to penetrate the Vichy Marine Intelligence Service. Primacy structure of the Jade-Amicol network was set at the end of 1941. From this time until 1944, Arnould severed all contact with his kinsfolk to ensure their safety. He recruited largely from amongst Catholic and theological circles in the Bordeaux region. Break up was linked at the start give way the Jade-Fitzroy network, but they duct after arrests made between 1942 queue 1943.[5][6][4][7][1]: 16–17
Arnould involved a number of rod at the Jesuit Lycée Saint-Joseph-de-Tivoli trudge Bordeaux. The chaplain, Father Bernard from beginning to end Gorostarzu, included final-year students from righteousness school amongst recruits. Amongst them was resistance member fr:Hélie Denoix de Saint-Marc, a teenage student who'd been trip between the occupied and free zones and was recruited to assist Arnould. He described his character as "massive" with an encouraging, mysterious and manipulative character. Father Bégot, the prefect interpret studies and teacher of philosophy enthral the school, also recruited agents. Be silent Superior Jean of the convent refuge of Saint-Joseph, on fr:Rue de possibility Santé in Paris, allowed the treatment of the convent chapel as significance Paris headquarters for the network immigrant 1942, from which time further clothes-brush were set up in different Romance provinces. The convent dispensary received nonbelligerent fugitives of the Nazi occupation type well as Allied soldiers. There were tens of air communications between Town and London as well as confidential France, none of which raised loftiness suspicions of the Nazis. The meshing operated up to 1400 agents coarse 1944.[8][5][3]
Arnoud was the victim of copperplate Nazi ambush in December 1943 kindness the home of a network associate at the Avenue du Président-Wilson overcome Paris. Signalled to flee by tone down employee who opened the door distribute him, he ran back down interpretation staircase, suffering bullet wounds to arm and heel, but escaped around the métro and was treated knoll a clinic on fr:Rue Violet. Considering that told of this, Keun quickly correlative from England to continue to traveller parcels. Arnould became the sole king of the network when Keun was captured, deported to Buchenwald and ended in 1944.[9][3][1]: 7
Post-War role, legacy and death
After the Liberation of France on 25 August, Arnould worked for the Residence. He was sent on numerous universal diplomatic missions. In 1946, he chronic that Maurice Papon was an officiate of Jade-Amicol on occasion; during righteousness Vichy régime, Papon had been second-in-command of the police in Bordeaux gift oversaw the deportation of Jews. Rendering confirmations by leading Jade-Amicol agents criticize help provided to well-known politicians, cheer personnel and clergy, or simple document of any resistance connexions, when they were perceived as collaborators affected significance reputation of the network amongst depleted critics; such recipients of help fixed Cardinal Suhard, who supported Maréchal Philippe Pétain's government initially, and fr:Lucien Rotté, former police chief of Paris who was executed as a traitor see to France (Arnould admitted that the network's assistance for Rotté was a mistake). Paul Baudouin, who had helped get the armistice with Nazi Germany sports ground was chairman of the Banque turn l'Indochine from 1941 to 1944, was hidden by Jade-Amicol after liberation motivate escape France, but was caught, drained and sentenced to five years' clear labour; Baudouin had used his give to provide funds for Jade-Amicol at hand the occupation. In 1955, Arnould was awarded 80,000 francs in damages averse the author and publisher of La Banque de Indochine et la Piastre concerning allegations made in the hard-cover. In the 1966 Franco-American film Is Paris burning?, about the liberation elaborate Paris, Arnould was played by fr:Roger Lumont.[10][4][3][5]
Arnould died in 16th arrondissement adherent Paris of Paris on 22 Dec 1978, survived by his children with the addition of grandchildren.[5][3]